Список видового состава пресноводных аквариумных рыб (англ.)

Шаблон:Multiple issues A vast number of species of fish have been successfully kept in the home freshwater aquarium. This list gives some examples of the most commonly kept species.

Bichirs and reedfish

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks	Temperature range	pH range
Gray bichir, Senegal bichir, or dinosaur bichir	Polypterus senegalus		in the wild, 9 in is more typical in home aquaria	Species	Easy	A large aquarium is preferred for this species because it is predatory.	25-29°C (77-84°F)	7.0-8.2
Ornate bichir	Polypterus ornatipinnis			Species	Easy/intermediate		26-28°C (77-83°F)	6.0-8.0
Reedfish	Erpetoichthys calabaricus			Species	Easy/intermediate	Nocturnal	22-28°C (72-83°F)	6.5-7.5

Catfish

Armored catfish including Aspidoras, Brochis, Callichthys, and Corydoras

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks	Temperature range	pH range
Brown-point shield skin longirostris	Aspidoras fuscoguttatus						22-25°C (72-77°F)	5.5–6.8
	Aspidoras lakoi
Loach catfish	Aspidoras rochai
Sixray corydoras, false corydoras	Aspidoras pauciradiatus	110px					73-82°F (23-28°C)	6.5
Britski's catfish	Brochis britskii					Brochis is often synonymized with Corydoras
Emerald catfish	Brochis splendens					Brochis is often synonymized with Corydoras	70-82°F (21-28°C)	6.5
Hognosed brochis	Brochis multiradiatus					Brochis is often synonymized with Corydoras
Cascarudo	Callichthys callichthys
Adolfo's catfish	Corydoras adolfoi						72-79°F (22-26°C)	6.0-7.0
Banded corydoras	Scleromystax barbatus
Masked corydoras, bandit corydoras	Corydoras metae						72-79°F (22-26°C)	6.0-7.0
Barred-tail corydoras	Corydoras cochui
Blackstripe corydoras	Corydoras bondi
Blacktop corydoras	Corydoras acutus
Blue corydoras	Corydoras nattereri
Bluespotted corydoras	Corydoras melanistius
Bronze corydoras	Corydoras aeneus			Community	Easy	The albino strain of C. aeneus is common among aquarists.	77 °F to 82 ° (25 °C to 28 °C)
Caracha	Corydoras atropersonatus
Ehrhardt's corydoras	Corydoras ehrhardti
	Corydoras evelynae
	Corydoras geoffroy
	Corydoras latus
	Corydoras loxozonus
Corydoras nain	Corydoras nanus
	Corydoras narcissus
	Corydoras ornatus
	Corydoras osteocarus
	Corydoras polystictus
	Scleromystax prionotos
	Corydoras semiaquilus
	Corydoras septentrionalis
	Corydoras simulatus
	Corydoras undulatus
Dwarf corydoras	Corydoras hastatus			Community
Elegant corydoras	Corydoras elegans			Community
False network catfish	Corydoras sodalis
False spotted catfish	Corydoras leucomelas
Green gold catfish	Corydoras melanotaenia
Guapore corydoras	Corydoras guapore
Mosaic corydoras, reticulated corydoras	Corydoras haraldschultzi			Community
Mosaic corydoras, reticulated corydoras	Corydoras reticulatus			Community
Panda corydoras	Corydoras panda			Community
Pastaza corydoras	Corydoras pastazensis
Peppered corydoras	Corydoras paleatus			Community
Pink corydoras	Corydoras axelrodi
Pygmy corydoras	Corydoras pygmaeus			Community
Sailfin corydoras	Corydoras macropterus
Salt and pepper catfish	Corydoras habrosus			Community
Schwartz's catfish	Corydoras schwartzi			Community
Spotted corydoras, longnose corydoras	Corydoras ambiacus
Sterba's corydoras	Corydoras sterbai			Community
Sychr's catfish	Corydoras sychri
Tailspot corydoras	Corydoras caudimaculatus
Threestripe corydoras, leopard catfish	Corydoras trilineatus			Community
Xingu corydoras	Corydoras xinguensis
Julii corydoras	Corydoras julii

Armored suckermouth catfish (plecos)

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks	Temperature range	pH range
Bristlenose pleco, bushynose pleco	Ancistrus spp.					The bristlenose genus has at least 59 identified species and many others yet to be named.
Gold nugget pleco	Baryancistrus spp.					Many species of this fish exist, but are not yet officially identified; the three common aquarium species are known as L-018, L-081, and L-177.
Whiptail catfish	Rineloricaria spp.					20 species
Twig catfish	Farlowella spp.					at least 20 species
Panaque	Panaque spp.					Several species of panaque are popular aquarium fish.
Pineapple pleco, orange cheek pleco	Pseudorinelepis spp.					four species
Common pleco, suckermouth catfish, Amazon sailfin catfish	Pterygoplichthys pardalis				Easy	One of the several fish sold under this name; there is also an albino variation.
Common pleco, suckermouth catfish	Hypostomus punctatus					One of the several fish sold under this name.
Common pleco, suckermouth catfish	Hypostomus plecostomus					One of the several fish sold under this name.
Leopard sailfin pleco, clown sailfin pleco	Pterygoplichthys gibbiceps					Other related fish also share this common name.
Zebra pleco, L-046	Hypancistrus zebra
Sailfin catfish	Pterygoplichthys multiradiatus
Golden dwarf sucker, golden oto	Macrotocinclus affinis
Zebra dwarf sucker, zebra oto	Otocinclus cocama			Community
Goldspot ancistrus albino	Ancistrus sp. gold albino		12 cm (4.75 in)	community	easy

Airbreathing catfish

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks	Temperature range	pH range
Walking catfish	Clarias batrachus		50 cm (20 in)		Easy/Intermediate	The albino form is common in the aquarium trade. This fish can survive out of the water and "walk" as long as kept wet, for a very long time.

Banjo catfish

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks	Temperature range	pH range
Banjo catfish	Bunocephalus coracoideus		2-15 cm

Talking catfish

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks	Temperature range	pH range
Striped Raphael	Platydoras armatulus
Spotted raphael	Agamyxis pectinifrons		Females at around 6 in, males slightly smaller around 5.5 in	Tropical aquarium	Intermediate	This species mainly feeds on algae. It needs a cave, and will feed when the aquarium light is out.

Squeakers and upside-down catfish

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks	Temperature range	pH range
Cuckoo squeaker	Synodontis multipunctatus
Decorated squeaker	Synodontis decorus
Even-Spotted squeaker	Synodontis petricola
Featherfin squeaker	Synodontis eupterus
Lake Malawi syno	Synodontis njassae
Polka dot syno	Synodontis angelicus
Common syno, false upside-down catfish	Synodontis nigrita
Upside-down catfish	Synodontis nigriventris			Community		S. nigriventris prefers bottom feeding on Tubifex, but its main diet consists of algae.

Shark catfish

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks	Temperature range	pH range
Iridescent shark	Pangasius hypophthalmus			Community		Albino form is common in the aquarium trade, needs a large aquarium
Chao Phraya giant shark, giant pangasius	Pangasius sanitwongsei		Over 60 inches			The dwarf "balloon" form available is critically endangered.

Sea catfish

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks	Temperature range	pH range
Colombian shark catfish	Arius seemanni
Berney's shark catfish	Arius berneyi
Australian shark catfish	Arius graeffei

Sheatfish

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks	Temperature range	pH range
Glass catfish	Kryptopterus bicirrhis		10–12 cm (4–5 in), 15 cm (6 in) in the wild.			Needs to be kept in a group of five or more
Butter catfish, two-spot catfish	Ompok bimaculatus					This fish appears very similar to Kryptopterus bicirrhis.

Bagrid catfishes

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks	Temperature range	pH range
Crystal-eyed catfish	Hemibagrus wyckii					highly aggressive and must be kept alone
Asian redtail catfish	Hemibagrus wyckioides					highly aggressive and must be kept alone
	Horabagrus brachysoma

Long-whiskered catfish

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks	Temperature range	pH range
	Leiarius marmoratus
	Leiarius pictus
Redtail catfish	Phractocephalus hemioliopterus					Needs a tank when mature
Spotted pimelodus, pictus, pictus catfish	Pimelodus pictus					These catfish are very appealing when small, but may grow somewhat large. Their mouths look small, but may eat smaller fish, as they can open their mouths very wide.
Ornate Pimelodus	Pimelodus ornatus
Barred sorubim	Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum					Easy to confuse with P. tigrinum.
Tiger sorubim	Pseudoplatystoma tigrinum					This fish is easy to confuse with P. fasciatum.
Firewood catfish, (planiceps) shovelnose catfish	Surubimichthys planiceps					The largest of the shovelnoses, this catfish grows huge and will need a min when mature.
Lima shovelnose catfish	Sorubium lima					Although they are smaller than the tiger shovelnose, these catfish are extremely aggressive and extremely fast.

Characins and other characiformes

Tetras

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks
Black phantom tetra	Hyphessobrycon megalopterus			Community	Easy	the black phantom tetra enjoy being in groups of 6 or more and a slightly shaded tank. Males may claim small territories and occasionally minor battles may occur. The Phantom tetra goes well with other tetras of similar size. They also prefer floating plants.
Black neon tetra	Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi			Community	Easy	This fish is similar to the neon tetra other than coloration.
Black tetra	Gymnocorymbus ternetzi			Community	Easy	A highly spirited fish that may occasionally chase its own species as well as harass slow moving fish with long fins. This fish is very hardy and can stand a variety of water qualities. Disease is not a big problem with the black tetra. The black tetra is also known as the black skirt tetra. The female black tetra is more robust and larger than the male.
Bleeding heart tetra	Hyphessobrycon erythrostigma			Community	Intermediate	the bleeding heart tetra is distinguished by the small red spot on both sides of the fish. This fish is very prone to diseases, and can grow larger than most tetra species. It is not recommended for beginners.
Bloodfin tetra	Aphyocharax anisitsi			Community
Blue tetra	Knodus borki			Community
Bucktooth tetra	Exodon paradoxus					Exodon paradoxus will eat smaller fish and harass larger fish, lepidophage (scale eater).
Buenos Aires tetra	Hyphessobrycon anisitsi				Easy	Hyphessobrycon anisitsi has some reputation as a "fin nipper".
Cardinal tetra	Paracheirodon axelrodi			Community	Intermediate
Cave tetra, blind tetra	Astyanax mexicanus				Easy	cave tetra is the blind cave form of the Mexican tetra. The blind cave tetra is easy to care for and is hardy. The fish is born with eyes, but they quickly deteriorate leaving behind two scars where the eyes once were. The blind tetra needs to be in a shoal in order to show peaceful behavior, and to prevent fin nipping. Despite their lack of eyes, the blind cave tetra can easily avoid other fish and obstacles in the tank. This tetra prefers low to moderate lighting.
Congo tetra, Lufundi (native name)	Phenacogrammus interruptus			Community	Intermediate	Sufficiently peaceful for home aquariums, though it may bite fishes smaller than its size. It is more comfortable in indirect light. Over-head lighting is preferred and under no circumstances should light be directed at the front or rear glass.
Emperor tetra	Nematobrycon palmeri				Easy
Garnet tetra, pretty tetra	Hemigrammus pulcher			Community	Easy
Glowlight tetra	Hemigrammus erythrozonus			Community	Easy
Golden pristella tetra	Pristella maxillaris			Community	Easy
Green neon tetra	Paracheirodon simulans			Community	Intermediate
Head and tail light tetra	Hemigrammus ocellifer			Community	Easy
Lemon tetra	Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis			Community	Easy	Very likely to jump out of the tank unless there are some floating aquatic plants
Long-fin tetra	Brycinus longipinnis			Community	Easy
Neon tetra	Paracheirodon innesi			Community	Easy	the neon tetra is sensitive towards water quality and is susceptible to many freshwater diseases. However, the fish is very peaceful and will not attack another member of the tank. Females are larger than the males. Due to their small size, the neon tetra should not be kept with large fish. Neon tetras are also very delicate and any harassment they may receive can result in death. This can be prevented by putting them with other small community fish or fish known to ignore their tankmates. The neon tetra feels the most comfortable when in groups.
Jellybean tetra	Ladigesia roloffi
Penguin tetra, blackline penguinfish	Thayeria boehlkei
Red Eye tetra	Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae			Community	Easy
Red phantom tetra				Community	Easy
Rummy-nose tetra	Hemigrammus rhodostomus			Community	Intermediate
Disk tetra	Myleus schomburgkii					ph 5.0 - 7.0, temp 23°C to 27°C
Serpae tetra	Hyphessobrycon serpae			Community	Easy	this fish may nip the fins of slow moving fish or fish smaller than it. It is best put with other large tetras or with fish of similar size or larger.
Yellow phantom tetra	Hyphessobrycon roseus			Community with no long-finned fish	Easy	Maroni & Oyapock Rivers, Frech Guinana, South America. Most specimens in the trade are captive-bred.Female fish are slightly larger than males in fish of the same age.Will acclimatise to a wide range of conditions. pH: 6.0-7.5, dH: up to 25 degrees.Yellow Phantom Tetras should be kept in shoals of 6 or more fish. The aquarium should be well-planted with rooted and floating plants in order to provide much appreciated shady areas. They are usually peaceful with most other fish species, although there are reports of some specimens being a little nippy, so long-finned tankmates are best avoided.Will eagerly accept most aquarium foods offered: flake, micropellets, small frozen foods such as daphnia and cyclops.A conditioned pair should be added to a specially set up breeding aquarium which should contain soft water with a pH < 6.5 and plenty of live plants, including Java moss. Once the eggs have been released/fertilised, the parents should be removed. The eggs should hatch after 24 hours, and after 5 days the fry will become free-swimming. The tiny fry should be fed on infusoria for the first week, followed by finely powdered first foods and baby brineshrimp.

Hatchetfish

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks
Common hatchetfish	Gasteropelecus sternicla			Community	Intermediate
Silver hatchetfish	Gasteropelecus levis
Marbled hatchetfish	Carnegiella strigata			Community	Intermediate	Peaceful and dwells at the top of the tank in schools. Rarely breeds in captivity. This powerful leaper can easily jump out of an aquarium, so keep only in a fully covered tank.
Black-winged hatchetfish	Carnegiella marthae			Community	Intermediate	Peaceful and dwells at the top of the tank in schools. The most hardy of all the hatchetfish, but not the most plentiful. Does not breed in captivity. This powerful leaper can easily jump out of an aquarium, so keep only in a fully covered tank.

Pencil fishes

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks
Beckford pencilfish	Nannostomus beckfordi			Community	Easy
Three-lined pencilfish	Nannostomus trifasciatus			Community	Intermediate	Males defend small territories. Otherwise a peaceful, beautiful species.

Headstanders

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks
Marbled headstander	Abramites hypselonotus			Community	Intermediate	Keep either one headstander or a group of seven or more as they will fight amongst themselves in small groups.

Serrasalminae (pacus, piranhas, and silver dollars)

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks
Silver dollar	Metynnis argenteus					The name "silver dollar" may also refer to Metynnis hypsauchen, Metynnis maculatus, or other related fishes. It will chew and eat plants.
Red-bellied pacu	Colossoma bidens				Difficult	The red bellied pacu is a close relative of the piranhas, but without the sharp teeth and the aggression. However, care should be taken if interacting physically with the pacu, as their powerful jaws can crush human bone. The pacu is a peaceful fish that requires at least a 750-l (200-gal) tank when fully mature. It is omnivorous and can be put with large cichlids, but avoid smaller fish. Despite their similar appearance to piranhas, the pacu is not suited to eat meat very well, as their natural diets of nuts suggest. This fish can grow to 1.2 m (4 ft), so need a very large tank (750 l or 200 gal minimum). This fish grows very fast, and can grow as much as one foot in the first year. 78–82°F (26–28°C)
Red piranha	Pygocentrus nattereri
Payara	Hydrolycus scomberoides					Need a large aquarium and are entirely carnivorus and most fish shouldn't be kept with it, including the related piranha because it may even eat piranhas.

Cichlids

Lake Malawi cichlids

Common name	Taxonomy	Image	Size	Tank type	Care level	Remarks
Sunshine peacock cichlid	Aulonocara baenschi				Easy	74-80| |7.6-8.2|
Red fin hap	Copadichromis borleyi
Eureka red peacock	Aulonocara jacobfreibergi				Easy	Beautiful coloration on males
Spilo	Champsochromis spilorhynchus
Blue dolphin cichlid, lumphead cichlid	Cyrtocara moorii				Easy
Afra cichlid, dogtooth cichild	Cynotilapia afra			Mbuna	Easy
Rusty cichlid, lavender cichild	Iodotropheus sprengerae			Mbuna
Fuelleborn's cichlid, Blue mbuna	Labeotropheus fuelleborni			Mbuna
Electric yellow cichlid	Labidochromis caeruleus			Mbuna	Easy	Very active and entertaining fish, need many rock caves to allow establishment of territories, less aggressive than other mbuna
Malawi eyebiter	Dimidiochromis compressiceps				Easy
Hongi, Red-top kimpumpa	Labidochromis sp. "Hongi"			Mbuna
	Labidochromis sp. "Mbamba Bay"			Mbuna
Auratus cichlid, Malawi golden cichlid	Melanochromis auratus				Easy	Aggressive
Chipokee cichlid	Melanochromis chipokae			Mbuna	Easy	Aggressive
Blue johanni cichlid, Maingano	Melanochromis cyaneorhabdos			Mbuna	Easy	Very active and entertaining fish, need many rock caves to allow establishment of territories. Aggressive
Pearl of Likoma	Melanochromis joanjohnsonae			Mbuna
Johanni cichlid	Melanochromis johannii			Mbuna	Easy	Aggressive
Aurora	Melanochromis aurora			Mbuna	Easy
Red zebra cichlid	Metriaclima estherae			Mbuna	Easy	Very active and entertaining fish, need many rock caves to allow establishment of territories
Cobalt blue cichlid, cobalt zebra cichlid	Maylandia callainos			Mbuna	Easy	Very active and entertaining fish, need many rock caves to allow establishment of territories
Kenyi cichlid	Maylandia lombardoi			Mbuna	Easy	Aggressive; sexually dichromatic
Fusco	Nimbochromis fuscotaeniatus
Livingston's cichlid	Nimbochromis livingstonii
Kaligono	Nimbochromis polystigma
Venustus cichlid, giraffe cichild	Nimbochromis venustus				Easy	'giraffe' spotting is juvenile coloration only
Red empress cichlid	Protomelas taeniolatus
Bumblebee cichlid, hornet cichlid	Pseudotropheus crabro			Mbuna
Yellow-tail acei	Pseudotropheus acei			Mbuna
Dwarf Mbuna	Pseudotropheus demasoni
Saulosi	Pseudotropheus saulosi			Mbuna
Malawi barracuda	Rhampsochromis cf. macrophthalmus
	Tyrannochromis macrostoma

Lake Tanganyika cichlids

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
	Boulengerochromis microlepis					The largest cichlid
Frontosa cichild	Cyphotilapia frontosa					Aggressive; well-known
	Cyathopharynx furcifer					Not readily available in the aquarium trade.
	Variabilichromis moorii
Frontosa cichild	Cyphotilapia gibberosa					The frontosa have recently been broken up into three separate species. The gibberosa come from the southern part of the Lake
Frontosa cichild	Cyphotilapia sp. "North"					This yet to be officially named species is intermediate in scale count between gibberosa and frontosa.
Julie cichlid	Julidochromis dickfeldi				Easy	Beautiful; interesting
Masked Julie	Julidochromis marlieri		fem / male		Easy	Striking coloration
Julie cichlid	Julidochromis ornatus
Julie cichlid	Julidochromis regani		fem / male
Julie cichlid	Julidochromis transcriptus				Intermediate	Striking coloration
Herring cichlid, Sardine cichlid	Cyprichromis spp.
	Ectodus descampsii
	Chalinochromis spp.
	Neolamprologus multifasciatus					A small shell-dwelling cichlid from Lake Tanganyika. Distinguished from the similar L. similis by the lack of striping on the face
	Lamprologus ocellatus
	Neolamprologus similis					A small shell-dwelling cichlid from Lake Tanganyika. Very similar to N. multifsciatus but similis has striping from the body continue to the head
	Lobochilotes labiatus
Lyretail cichlid, fairy cichlid	Neolamprologus brichardi				Easy
Lemon cichlid	Neolamprologus leleupi
Featherfin	Opthalmotilapia ventralis
	Petrochromis trewavasae					Aggressive
	Petrochromis sp. "Zaire Texas"
	Simochromis pleurospilus
	Tropheus duboisi				Advanced	Males very aggressive; juveniles distinctively colored
	Tropheus moorii				Easy
	Tropheus polli

Lake Victoria cichlids

Miscellaneous African cichlids (non-Rift Lake)

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
African butterfly cichlid	Anomalochromis thomasi
Jewel cichlid, two-spotted jewel cichlid	Hemichromis bimaculatus	|4-5 inch|		Easy	other hemichromis species are sometimes sold under the same name
	Steatocranus spp.
Lifalili jewel cichlid, blood-red jewel cichlid	Hemichromis lifalili
Kribensis, krib	Pelvicachromis pulcher				Easy	Readily breed in small aquaria. Aggressive and territorial towards other fishes especially its own kind during mating and after spawning
Zebra tilapia	Tilapia buttikoferi
Guenther's Mouthbrooder	Chromidotilapia guentheri
Allauad's haplo	Astatoreochromis alluaudi
Pale usisya aulonocara	Aulonocara steveni
	Benthochromis tricoti

Dwarf cichlids (apistogrammas, rams and others)

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Agassiz's dwarf cichlid	Apistogramma agassizii				Advanced	Beautiful
Zebra acara	Nannacara adoketa
Yellow dwarf cichlid	Apistogramma borellii
Cockatoo dwarf cichlid	Apistogramma cacatuoides
Panda dwarf cichlid	Apistogramma nijsseni
Three-Stripe Dwarf Cichlid	Apistogramma trifasciata
	Apistogramma eremnopyge
Two-Stripe Dwarf Cichlid	Apistogramma bitaeniata			40 litre (10 gallon) tank for one pair	Intermediate
Checkerboard Cichlid	Dicrossus filamentosus
Blue ram, German ram	Mikrogeophagus ramirezi				Easy	Fairly common
Bolivian ram	Mikrogeophagus altispinosa
Dwarf flag cichlid	Laetacara curviceps

American cichlids (cichlasomas, acaras, angelfish, discuses and others)

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Midas cichild, red devil cichlid	Amphilophus citrinellus					Note that Amphilophus labiatus is also called red devil cichild
Poor man's tropheus	Hypsophrys nematopus
Red devil cichlid	Amphilophus labiatus
Firemouth cichlid	Cichlasoma meeki				Easy	Typically medium aggression; easily bred
Jack Dempsey cichlid	Cichlasoma octofasciatum
Jaguar cichlid, managuense cichlid	Parachromis managuensis				Easy	Exceptionally beautiful adult coloration; large adult size
Mayan cichlid	Cichlasoma urophthalmus
Convict cichlid	Archocentrus nigrofasciatus				Easy	Common, very easy to breed, aggressive. A beautiful fish with bad temper. Small variations in colors, can be found in almost completely black and white coloration - therefore the name "Convict"
T-bar cichlid	Cryptoheros sajica
Severum	Heros severus				Easy	the gold variety is more common than the natural green one
Green terror	Andinoacara rivulatus					Fairly common
Blue acara	Andinoacara pulcher
Thread-finned acara	Acarichthys heckelii
Eartheater cichlid	Geophagus altifrons
Greenstreaked Eartheater,cupid cichlid	Biotodoma cupido
Keyhole cichlid	Cleithracara maronii
Angelfish	Pterophyllum scalare				Intermediate	several color varieties; this species is the common angelfish in the aquarium trade. Angelfish can grow up to fifteen centimetres (six inches), and therefore should be housed in a large aquarium. Angelfish should be kept alone, or kept with three or more. This is because that if two are kept together, the larger fish will pick on the smaller fish. Angelfish are not as hardy as other cichlids and should not be kept with small fish such as neon tetras. However, just the opposite is true: Angelfish should not be kept with fish that may nip and annoy it such as some large tetras.
Altum angelfish	Pterophyllum altum				Difficult
Spotted angelfish	Pterophyllum leopoldi
Common discus, red discus	Symphysodon discus				Difficult	various color varieties, the discus requires high water quality and a varied diet. Do not keep with fast fish as the discus is a slow eater and will not fight for food. Despite their beauty, the discus is one of the least hardy aquarium fishes available. This fish should only be kept by the experienced aquarium keeper.
Blue discus, green discus	Symphysodon aequifasciatus				Difficult	fancy hybrids of this species and Symphysodon discus can also be found in trade
Chocolate cichlid	Hypselecara temporalis
Oscar	Astronotus ocellatus					has different varieties including long-fin, albino, golden, etc. The oscar cichlid is fast growing and can grow to a very large size when mature, and therefore should be housed in a large aquarium. The oscar can be messy to look after as they love to dig up plants and scoop up rocks. The oscar should be put with fish of similar size as they will eat any fish that can fit in their mouth. The oscar prefers to be with members of its own species, but this is not a necessity for its well being. The oscar is one of the more hardy cichlids, and can be put with other large cichlids, pacus, large plecos, large sharks, and other large fish.
Uaru, waroo	Uaru amphiacanthoides					Also known as the Triangle Ciclid.
Peacock bass, butterfly peacock bass	Cichla orinocensis
Texas cichlid, Rio Grande cichlid	Herichthys cyanoguttatus				Easy	Large adult size

Other cichlids

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Orange chromide	Etroplus maculatus
Blood parrot cichlid	- Hybrid -					In the scientific community it is not considered a cichlid (or any species of fish) because it does not occur naturally in the wild (created by man), for this reason it will not be given a scientific name.
Flowerhorn cichlid	- Hybrid -			Difficult		In the scientific community it is not considered a cichlid (or any species of fish) because it does not occur naturally in the wild (created by man), for this reason it will not be given a scientific name. This is also an aggressive fish and does best in a species-only setup.
Wolf cichlid	Parachromis dovii

Cyprinids

Barbs

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Arulius barb	Puntius arulius
Bigspot barb, Duncker's barb	Puntius dunckeri					Peaceful when small but should not be kept with other species at adulthood.
Black ruby barb	Puntius nigrofasciatus
Checker barb	Puntius oligolepis
Cherry barb	Puntius titteya			Community	Easy	very peaceful, and works well with white clouds and neon tetras
Clipper barb	Barbus callipterus
Clown barb	Puntius everetti
Gold barb	Puntius semifasciolatus			Community	Easy
Golden barb	Puntius gelius
Greenstripe barb	Puntius vittatus
Melon barb	Puntius fasciatus
Odessa barb	Puntius padamya			Community	Easy
Onespot barb	Puntius terio
Pentazona barb, fiveband barb	Puntius pentazona					this species may be confused with tiger barb due to similarities
Pool barb	Puntius sophore
Partipentazona barb	Puntius partipentazona
Red line torpedo barb, Denison's barb	Puntius denisonii
Rosy barb	Puntius conchonius			Community	Easy
Shortfin barb	Barbus brevipinnis
Spanner barb, t-barb	Puntius lateristriga
Spotted barb, common barb	Puntius binotatus
Spottedsail barb, dwarf barb	Puntius phutunio
Swamp barb	Puntius chola
Ticto barb	Barbus ticto
Tic-tac-toe barb	Puntius stoliczkanus
Tiger barb, sumatra barb	Puntius tetrazona			Community	Easy	There are many varieties as well as hybrids with other barbs. Good community schooling fish.
Tinfoil barb	Barbonymus schwanenfeldii					This species is much larger than most other barbs

Cold-water cyprinids

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Goldfish	Carassius auratus		15+ cm (6+ in)	Community/Pond	Easy	variations: Black Moor, Bubble Eye, Butterfly Tail, Calico, Celestial Eye, Comet, Common, Fantail, Lionchu, Lionhead, Oranda, Panda Moor, Pearlscale, Pompom, Ranchu, Ryukin, Shubunkin, Telescope eye, Veiltail
Koi, common carp	Cyprinus carpio		30+ cm (12+ in)	Pond	Easy	the fancy variations of common carp are known as koi.
Bitterling	Rhodeus amarus		10 cm (4 in)	Pond	Easy
White Cloud Mountain minnow	Tanichthys albonubes			Pond/Community	Easy	lutino variety can also be found in the aquarium trade
Common dace	Leuciscus leuciscus					Temperature 39 to 72 °F (4 to 22 °C); ph 6.0 to 8.0
Rosy red minnow, fathead minnow	Pimephales promelas		5-7.5 cm (2–3 in)	Pond/Minnow Tank	Easy	sold as feeder fish; the gold variety known as "rosy red" is very common (the image is of the "rosy red" strain) Temperature 10 - 21 °C (50 - 70 °F) pH 7.0 - 7.5
Southern redbelly dace	Phoxinus erythrogaster		7.5–10 cm (3–4 in)	Pond/Minnow Tank	Easy
Tench	Tinca tinca			Pond	Moderate	A few color varieties have been made from the wild species, even some multicolored.

Danios and other danionins

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Bengal danio, Sind danio	Devario devario
Giant danio	Devario aequipinnatus
Malabar danio	Devario malabaricus		11.5–14 cm (4.5-5.5 in)	Community	Easy
Pearl danio	Danio albolineatus				Easy	subspecies:blue-redstripe danio, Kedah danio
Queen danio	Devario regina
Spotted danio	Danio nigrofasciatus				Easy
Turquoise danio	Danio kerri
Zebra danio	Danio rerio				Easy	there are many variations of this fish: leopard danio,the spotted colour morph, and GloFish, the genetically modified fluorescent fish.

Rasboras

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Harlequin rasbora	Trigonostigma heteromorpha			Community	Easy	Also known as Harlequin tetra
Espei rasbora				Community	Easy
Hengeli rasbora				Community	Easy
Blackline rasbora, red-tailed rasbora	Rasbora borapetensis
Red-striped rasbora	Rasbora pauciperforata			Community		Range: Sumatra Temperature 22 - 29 °C (72 - 85 °F)
Volcano rasbora	Rasbora vulcanus

Other cyprinids

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Bala shark	Balantiocheilus melanopterus			Community
Flying fox (fish)	Epalzeorhynchos kalopterus					this species may be sold as Siamese algae eater
Red-tailed black shark	Epalzeorhynchos bicolor		7 in	community	easy	albino variation available. aggressive with fish of same species. best kept alone or in groups of 5 or more.
Rainbow shark	Epalzeorhynchos frenatum		7 in	community	easy	albino variation available. aggressive with other fish of same species. best to only have one or in groups of 5 or more.
Cambodian log sucker, false Siamese algae eater	Garra cambodgiensis					this species may be sold as Siamese algae eater
Chinese algae eater	Gyrinocheilus aymonieri				Easy	This species may be sold as Siamese algae eater. A gold colored form also exists. Could be territorial
Siamese algae eater	Crossocheilus siamensis		6 in	Community	Easy	Many other cyprinids are sometimes mistakenly sold under this name. Very likely to jump out of the aquarium especially after reaching adult size. Very useful for getting rid of algae when it is young but prefer fish food upon reaching adulthood.

Gobies

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Bumblebee Goby	Brachygobius doriae
Dragonfish	Gobioides broussonnetii
No Common Name	Rhinogobius duospilus

Killifish

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Blue Lyretail	Fundulopanchax gardneri		2 in	Species	Easy/Intermediate
Bluefin Notho, Rachow's Notho, Rainbow Notho	Nothobranchius rachovii			Species	Easy/Intermediate	Considered most beautiful freshwater fish by some killifish enthusiasts.
Striped panchax, Golden Wonder	Aplocheilus lineatus			Species	Easy	Golden Wonder is the more yellowish variant.

Labyrinth fish

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Chocolate gourami	Sphaerichthys osphromenoides				Difficult
Croaking gourami	Trichopsis vittata					Often confused with the pygmy gourami
Dwarf gourami	Colisa lalia			Community	Intermediate	the dwarf gourami is perfect for small to mid sized aquariums as it will not grow as large as its larger relatives. A beautiful, peaceful gourami. Prone to bacterial infections [источник?]. When harassed by species other than its own it will not make any effort to defend itself often leading to death.
Giant gourami	Osphronemus goramy					Occasionally, some other gouramis are also referred to as "giant gouramis"
Paradise fish	Macropodus opercularis					One of the few freshwater aquarium fish that survive in cold water. Most common variety is the Blue Paradise.
Pearl gourami	Trichopodus leerii
Pygmy gourami, Sparkling gourami	Trichopsis pumila					Often confused with the croaking gourami
Kissing gourami	Helostoma temminckii					The pink variety is more popular than the natural green one. They are called Kissing Gouramis because the seem to pucker their lips outwards. they require aquarium salt in the water or hard water
Moonlight gourami	Trichopodus microlepis
Snakeskin gourami	Trichopodus pectoralis
Three spot gourami	Trichopodus trichopterus				Easy	Various color varieties each given a different name (blue gourami, gold gourami, and opaline gourami)
Siamese fighting fish	Betta splendens			Single fish only for males, community for females.	Easy	Numerous color and fin pattern varieties. In the U.S., the fish is often called "betta", although this word is actually the name of the genus that includes more than 60 species other than the Siamese fighting fish. Multiple males in a tank will result in conflicts and possibly death. Females can be housed together in groups of 4+ in a tank, though they may become territorial and attack each other. Males have long flowing fins with vibrant colors, and females have shorter fins. This fish is best put with fish that do not nip fins, as the fins of the betta are easy to attack. They should also not be housed with other fish with long, flowing fins as the Betta may confuse it with another, and attack.

Live-bearers

Guppies and mollies

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Guppy	Poecilia reticulata			Community/Species	Easy	Many color and tail pattern varieties exist
Endler's livebearer	Poecilia wingei			Community/Species	Easy
Black molly	Poecilia sphenops			Community/Species	Easy
Sailfin molly	Poecilia latipinna			Community/Species	Easy	Gold and silver varieties commonly found; also thrive in brackish water
Dalmatian molly	hybrid			Community/Species	Easy	The dalmatian molly is a hybrid color variation that can be generated by crossing some species of Poecilia, like P. sphenops and P. latipinna. The variety "Dalmatian" is spotted alike to a Dalmatian dog.
Lyretail Molly	Variety			Community/Species	Easy	Lyretail Mollies are available in all of these species, can be cross bred with any species of Molly.

Platies and swordtails

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Southern platy	Xiphophorus maculatus			Community/Species	Easy	Many color varieties exist
Variable platy	Xiphophorus variatus			Community	Easy	Many color varieties exist
Green swordtail	Xiphophorus hellerii	110px		Community	Easy	Many color varieties exist

Loaches and related cypriniformes

Loaches

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Bengal loach	Botia dario					Also known as the Queen loach. They hide during the day. They like river sand in the tank because they like to cover themselves in it.
Blue botia	Yasuhikotakia modesta
Burmese border loach	Botia kubotai
Clown loach	Chromobotia macracanthus		7-15 in	community	easy	Clown loach has a sociable personality and should be kept in at least groups of 5. They may eat pond snails kept in aquariums. Clown loaches will eventually need a 6' long aquarium
Dwarf loach	Yasuhikotakia sidthimunki					formerly named Botia sidthimunki
Dojo loach, weather loach	Misgurnus anguillicaudatus
Horseface loach	Acantopsis choirorhynchus
Kuhli loach, coolie loach	Pangio kuhlii			Community	Easy	a number of similar Pangio species are sold under the same name
Longnose loach	Acantopsis octoactinotos
Skunk loach	Yasuhikotakia morleti					formerly named Botia morleti
Yoyo loach	Botia almorhae
Zebra loach	Botia striata

Other related cypriniformes

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Chinese high fin banded shark	Myxocyprinus asiaticus		90+ cm (36+ in)	Goldfish/Large Pond	Difficult	the highfin shark is a truly unique fish. At youth, the shark has a high dorsal fin, a plump body, and radiant colors. However, as the fish matures, the characteristics of the fish changes drastically. The dorsal fin becomes shorter, the fish achieves a more cylindrical shape, and the color fades to a dark brown. The fish is not suitable for fish tanks because of the size it can grow to. The highfin cannot be housed with tropical fish due to their lower temperature preferences. The highfin prefers to be in a school, so more than one should be housed together. The "shark" is a peaceful fish, and will not openly attack others. Highfins are bottom dwellers and omnivorous. They will eat invertebrates and scrape algae off rocks.
Chinese hillstream loach	Beaufortia kweichowensis		3 in	community	easy	eat a lot of algae. high oxygen level required

Neotropical electric fish

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Black ghost knifefish	Apteronotus albifrons		20 in	Community	Intermediate	Not to be confused with the featherback "knifefish" of the Bonytongue group (see above) Very aggressive to other knifefish, but otherwise peaceful. Temperature 23-28C (73-82F). pH 6.0-8.0
Brown ghost knifefish	Apteronotus leptorhynchus				Intermediate	Very hard to feed it anything but live food
Clown knifefish	Chitala chitala				Intermediate
Electric eel	Electrophorus electricus				Advanced	Despite the name, this is not an "eel" but rather a huge knifefish; illegal to possess in some areas; dangerous; very large adult size

Pufferfish

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Figure 8 pufferfish	Tetraodon biocellatus	110px			Intermediate	often sold as freshwater fish, but this species prefers brackish water
Green spotted puffer	Tetraodon nigroviridis				Difficult	often sold as freshwater fish, but this species actually thrives in brackish water and may even require saltwater when reaches adulthood
Giant freshwater pufferfish	Tetraodon mbu	110px			Difficult	This fish also occurs in estuaries.
Dwarf pufferfish	Carinotetraodon travancoricus				easy
Congo pufferfish	Tetraodon miurus				Difficult

Rainbowfish

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Salmon-red rainbowfish	Glossolepis incisus		13–15 cm (5–6 in)			aka Red rainbowfish. These are very hardy fish and get along with almost any fish. They aren't aggressive and love to follow fingers! When these fish get stressed out they tend to turn a more gray color. It will regain its color when it becomes more relaxed
Tami River rainbowfish	Glossolepis pseudoincisus					aka Millennium rainbowfish
Lake Wanam rainbowfish	Glossolepis wanamensis		13–15 cm (5–6 in)			aka Emerald rainbowfish
Threadfin rainbowfish	Iriatherina werneri			Species	Easy	Threadfins have very tiny mouths and cannot compete well with other fish for food. Keep in species only tanks or with small Pseudomugil (i.e.: gertrudae)
New Guinea rainbowfish	Melanotaenia affinis
Boeseman's rainbowfish	Melanotaenia boesemani		10–13 cm (4–5 in)
Duboulayi's rainbowfish	Melanotaenia duboulayi		13–15 cm (5–6 in)			aka Crimson-Spotted rainbowfish
Australian rainbowfish	Melanotaenia fluviatilis		13–15 cm (5–6 in)
Lake Kurumoi rainbowfish	Melanotaenia parva		7.5–8 cm (3-3.25 in)			aka Flame rainbowfish
Madagascar rainbowfish	Bedotia madagascariensis		7.5–8 cm (3-3.25 in)
Neon rainbowfish	Melanotaenia praecox		6-7.5 cm (2.5–3 in)
Eastern rainbowfish	Melanotaenia splendida splendida		13–15 cm (5–6 in)

Spiny eels

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Care Level	Remarks
Fire eel	Mastacembelus erythrotaenia		100 cm (39.3 in)
Spotfinned spiny eel	Macrognathus siamensis		30 cm (11.8 in)
Tire track eel	Mastacembelus armatus		90 cm (35.4 in)
Lesser spiny eel	Macrognathus aculeatus

Sunfish and relatives

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Remarks
Orangespotted sunfish	Lepomis humilis
Pumpkinseed	Lepomis gibosus
Blackbanded sunfish	Enneacanthus chaetodon
Pygmy sunfish	Elassomatidae

Gar

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Remarks
Spotted Gar	Lepisosteus oculatus		70 cm (27.5 in)	Large	One species of the gars, the Alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula) can attain an astounding length of 3m in the wild. On average, gars can attain a length of not less than 70 cm in captivity. They are aggressive fish by nature, however, they are also frightened easily. These fish are generally piscivorous in the wild, but will take a variety of meaty foods in captivity. Therefore, a strong filtration system must be ensured for a healthy gar tank. Housing a 6-inch gar may require at least a tank with width of 12 inches. As the gar grows, it must be moved to a larger tank. The tank length to house a sub-adult gar should be at least 72 inches, but longer is even better. The width of the tank should not be less than 36 inches. (otherwise, the gar may feel uncomfortable making turns while it swims) A minimum of 24 inches of water depth will suit the gar well. Gars are strong jumpers, hence the tank lid should be weighted down. Gars are hardy fish. They have the ability to breathe atmosphere air by means of vascularised gas bladder that act as lung. They are generally peaceful, usually keeping to themselves and not disturbing others. Hence, if space allows, they can be kept in a group. Large gars are capable of inflicting a painful wound. If possible, try not to handle them with bare hands. Always use a net.
Florida Gar	Lepisosteus platyrhincus		70 cm (27.5 in)	Large
Longnose Gar	Lepisosteus platyrhincus			Large
Shortnose Gar	Lepisosteus platyrhincus			Large
Alligator Gar	Atractosteus spatula		300 cm (118 in)	Large
Cuban Gar	Atractosteus treacherous		200 cm (78.5 in)	Large
Tropical Gar	Atractosteus tropcius		150 cm (59 in)	Large

Other fish

Common name	Taxonomy	Picture	Size	Tank Type	Remarks
Ocellate river stingray	Potamotrygon motoro
Freshwater pipefish	Dorithys martensii
Sterlet	Acipenser ruthenus
Freshwater needlefish	Xenentodon cancila
Pickerel	Esox americanus
Freshwater sole	Brachirus panoides
Brook stickleback	Culaea inconstans

See also

• List of aquarium fish by scientific name
• List of brackish aquarium fish species
• List of fish common names
• List of freshwater aquarium amphibian species
• List of freshwater aquarium invertebrate species
• List of freshwater aquarium plant species
• List of marine aquarium fish species
• List of marine aquarium invertebrate species
• The Aquarium Wiki Encyclopaedia List of Freshwater aquarium fish

Исходники

• Encyclopedia of Aquarium and Pond Fish (2005) (David Alderton)
• 500 Aquarium Fish

Примечания и сноски

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